鑄鐵配重塊是(shi)用于增加自(zi)身重量來(lai)保持(chi)平衡的重物，是(shi)將噴丸(wan)機熔(rong)煉成符(fu)合(he) 要求的液體并澆進(jin)鑄型里，經冷卻(que)凝固、清整處理后(hou)得(de)到有預定形狀(zhuang)、尺寸和(he)性能的鑄件的工(gong)藝過程。現(xian)代機械(xie)制造工(gong)業的基礎工(gong)藝之(zhi)一。

　　工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面小范圍內的(de)局部變化(hua)是指加(jia)工(gong)表(biao)面不平整(zheng)，有(you)變形，灰(hui)口鐵(tie)可以(yi)看作(zuo)(zuo)是鋼的(de)基體與片(pian)(pian)狀石墨的(de)夾雜。因(yin)此石墨片(pian)(pian)越少，越細，為了(le)保(bao)證鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)在澆鑄(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)夠得到灰(hui)口，且不至于得到過多和粗大的(de)石墨片(pian)(pian)，這(zhe)里所說的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面小范圍，對(dui)小鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)而言(yan)是局部位置，對(dui)大鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)而言(yan)是局部面積。鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)的(de)平整(zheng)性反映(ying)了(le)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)局部誤(wu)差(cha)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)的(de)局部誤(wu)差(cha)是指鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板(ban)(ban)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面局部平面度(du)(du)加(jia)工(gong)質(zhi)量，即表(biao)面粗糙度(du)(du)。

　　鑄件的精度和生產過程的經濟表現，主要取決于這道工序。在很多現代化的配重鐵車間里，造(zao)(zao)型造(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)都實現了(le)機(ji)械化或自動(dong)化。常用(yong)的(de)砂型造(zao)(zao)型造(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)設備(bei)有高、中、低壓(ya)造(zao)(zao)型機(ji)、拋砂機(ji)、無(wu)箱射壓(ya)造(zao)(zao)型機(ji)、射芯(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)、冷(leng)和熱芯(xin)(xin)(xin)盒(he)機(ji)等。

　　叉車配重鐵(tie)工(gong)藝可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)三個基本部分(fen)，即配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)準(zhun)(zhun)備、鑄型(xing)準(zhun)(zhun)備和鑄件處理。 配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)是指(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)生產中(zhong)用(yong)于澆注鑄件的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，它(ta)是以一(yi)(yi)種金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)元(yuan)(yuan)素為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)成分(fen)，并(bing)加入其他(ta)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)或非金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)元(yuan)(yuan)素而組成的(de)(de)(de)合金(jin)，習慣上(shang)稱為(wei)(wei)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)合金(jin)，主要(yao)有(you)(you)鑄鐵(tie)、鑄鋼和配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)有(you)(you)色(se)合金(jin)。叉車(che)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)按造型(xing)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)不同，又可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)兩大類(lei)(lei)：一(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)以天(tian)然礦產砂石作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)造型(xing)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，如(ru)熔(rong)模配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、殼型(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、負壓配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、泥型(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、實型(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、陶(tao)瓷(ci)型(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)等(deng);一(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)以金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)主要(yao)鑄型(xing)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，如(ru)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)型(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、離心(xin)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、連續(xu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、叉車(che)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件鐵(tie)、低壓配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)等(deng)。