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鑄鐵配重塊是用于增加(jia)自(zi)身重量來保持平衡的(de)(de)重物(wu),是將噴丸機(ji)熔煉成符合 要(yao)求的(de)(de)液體并澆進(jin)鑄型里,經(jing)冷(leng)卻(que)凝固、清整處理后(hou)得(de)到有預定形狀、尺寸(cun)和性能的(de)(de)鑄件的(de)(de)工藝(yi)過程。現代機(ji)械制造(zao)工業的(de)(de)基礎工藝(yi)之一(yi)。
工(gong)(gong)作面(mian)小(xiao)范圍內的局(ju)部(bu)(bu)變化(hua)是指(zhi)加工(gong)(gong)表面(mian)不(bu)平(ping)(ping)整,有變形,灰口鐵(tie)(tie)可以看(kan)作是鋼(gang)的基(ji)體與(yu)片(pian)狀石(shi)墨的夾雜。因此石(shi)墨片(pian)越少,越細,為(wei)了(le)保(bao)證鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)在澆鑄(zhu)能夠(gou)得到灰口,且不(bu)至于得到過多和(he)粗(cu)大的石(shi)墨片(pian),這里所說的工(gong)(gong)作面(mian)小(xiao)范圍,對(dui)小(xiao)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)而言(yan)是局(ju)部(bu)(bu)位置,對(dui)大鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)而言(yan)是局(ju)部(bu)(bu)面(mian)積(ji)。鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)的平(ping)(ping)整性反映了(le)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)誤差(cha)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)的局(ju)部(bu)(bu)誤差(cha)是指(zhi)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)作面(mian)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)度加工(gong)(gong)質量,即表面(mian)粗(cu)糙(cao)度。
鑄件的精度和生產過程的經濟表現,主要取決于這道工序。在很多現代化的配重鐵車間里,造(zao)型(xing)(xing)造(zao)芯都實(shi)現了機(ji)械化或(huo)自(zi)動(dong)化。常用(yong)的砂型(xing)(xing)造(zao)型(xing)(xing)造(zao)芯設備(bei)有高(gao)、中(zhong)、低壓造(zao)型(xing)(xing)機(ji)、拋砂機(ji)、無箱射壓造(zao)型(xing)(xing)機(ji)、射芯機(ji)、冷(leng)和熱芯盒(he)機(ji)等。
叉車配重鐵(tie)工藝可分為(wei)(wei)三(san)個基本部(bu)分,即配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)準(zhun)備、鑄(zhu)(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)準(zhun)備和鑄(zhu)(zhu)件處理。 配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)是指配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)生產(chan)中用(yong)于(yu)澆注(zhu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件的金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)材(cai)料(liao),它是以一(yi)種金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)元(yuan)素(su)為(wei)(wei)主要成(cheng)分,并加(jia)入其他金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)或非金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)元(yuan)素(su)而組(zu)成(cheng)的合金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),習慣上(shang)稱為(wei)(wei)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),主要有鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)、鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)和配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)有色合金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。叉(cha)車配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)按造型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao)的不同,又(you)可分為(wei)(wei)兩大類:一(yi)類以天然礦產(chan)砂石(shi)作為(wei)(wei)主要造型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao),如(ru)熔(rong)模(mo)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、殼型(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、負壓配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、泥型(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、實型(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、陶瓷(ci)型(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)等;一(yi)類以金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)作為(wei)(wei)主要鑄(zhu)(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao),如(ru)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、離心配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、連(lian)續配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)、叉(cha)車配(pei)(pei)件鐵(tie)、低壓配(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)等。
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